{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "id": "JepNylgTObAo" }, "source": [ "TO-DO\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "* Crear Análisis G-R\n", "* Leer Seismic Gap Hypothesis' Ten Years After\" by Y. Y. Kagan and D. D. Jackson y leer https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1073\n", "* https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1073\n", "\n", "* Buscar lagunas Sísmicas (confirmar las conocidas y buscar \"nuevas en la base de datos\")\n", "* Estimar tiempos de retorno\n", "* Calcular Riesgo Sísmico en las distintas latitudes (distribución de Poisson)\n", "* Mapear Riesgo Sísmico\n", "* Compararlo con el historial de los últimos años\n", "* Y si se puede, ocupar machine learning para predecir sismos / Mapear \n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 66, "metadata": { "id": "R5Aiq1LYOBGJ" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "import numpy as np\n", "import matplotlib\n", "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n", "import pandas as pd\n", "from cartopy import config\n", "import cartopy.crs as ccrs\n", "from scipy import stats\n", "from datetime import datetime\n", "import copy\n", "from jupyterthemes import jtplot\n", "from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap\n", "jtplot.style(context='paper', fscale=1.4, spines=False, gridlines='--',figsize=(6, 4.5))" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "jtplot.style(theme='gruvboxd')" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 17, "metadata": { "id": "cbAtrmnUV-Go" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def obtenerUrlSismo(a,b,magmin=6,startime=\"1960-01-01\",endtime=\"2020-11-11\"):\n", " #[latitud,longitud]\n", " minlatitude=str(min(a[0],b[0]))\n", " minlongitude=str(min(a[1],b[1]))\n", " maxlatitude=str(max(a[0],b[0]))\n", " maxlongitude=str(max(a[1],b[1]))\n", "\n", " standard_url = 'https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?format=csv&orderby=magnitude&minmagnitude='+str(magmin)+'&starttime='+ str(startime)+'&endtime='+ str(endtime)\n", "\n", " url = standard_url + '&minlatitude=' + minlatitude + '&minlongitude=' + minlongitude + '&maxlatitude=' + maxlatitude + '&maxlongitude=' + maxlongitude+ '&starttime=1971-01-01' \n", " return url" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 18, "metadata": { "id": "n_g736rdWCUs" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "##Crea un pd desde la url del usgs\n", "earthquakes = pd.read_csv(obtenerUrlSismo([-14.796358, -73.850519],[-41.897113, -68.597967]))" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 19, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 774 }, "id": "vs6YBZPFX9nD", "outputId": "7958f3f3-e0eb-41a8-d6f3-fac37371bbad", "scrolled": true }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/html": [ "
\n", " | time | \n", "latitude | \n", "longitude | \n", "depth | \n", "mag | \n", "magType | \n", "nst | \n", "gap | \n", "dmin | \n", "rms | \n", "... | \n", "updated | \n", "place | \n", "type | \n", "horizontalError | \n", "depthError | \n", "magError | \n", "magNst | \n", "status | \n", "locationSource | \n", "magSource | \n", "
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | \n", "2010-02-27T06:34:11.530Z | \n", "-36.1220 | \n", "-72.8980 | \n", "22.90 | \n", "8.8 | \n", "mww | \n", "454.0 | \n", "17.8 | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.09 | \n", "... | \n", "2020-08-14T21:38:33.360Z | \n", "offshore Bio-Bio, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "9.2 | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "official | \n", "
1 | \n", "2001-06-23T20:33:14.130Z | \n", "-16.2650 | \n", "-73.6410 | \n", "33.00 | \n", "8.4 | \n", "mww | \n", "518.0 | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.05 | \n", "... | \n", "2020-08-14T20:50:43.254Z | \n", "near the coast of southern Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "official | \n", "
2 | \n", "2015-09-16T22:54:32.860Z | \n", "-31.5729 | \n", "-71.6744 | \n", "22.44 | \n", "8.3 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "19.0 | \n", "0.684 | \n", "1.02 | \n", "... | \n", "2020-12-18T19:30:04.835Z | \n", "48km W of Illapel, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "4.7 | \n", "3.2 | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "
3 | \n", "2014-04-01T23:46:47.260Z | \n", "-19.6097 | \n", "-70.7691 | \n", "25.00 | \n", "8.2 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "23.0 | \n", "0.609 | \n", "0.66 | \n", "... | \n", "2020-11-13T19:14:26.579Z | \n", "94km NW of Iquique, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.8 | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "
4 | \n", "1995-07-30T05:11:23.630Z | \n", "-23.3400 | \n", "-70.2940 | \n", "45.60 | \n", "8.0 | \n", "mw | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.10 | \n", "... | \n", "2020-08-14T11:41:21.455Z | \n", "Antofagasta, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "hrv | \n", "
... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "
275 | \n", "2016-02-22T06:36:59.400Z | \n", "-30.4242 | \n", "-72.2967 | \n", "12.00 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "39.0 | \n", "0.622 | \n", "1.37 | \n", "... | \n", "2016-11-10T22:13:35.520Z | \n", "105km WSW of Coquimbo, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "4.7 | \n", "1.7 | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "
276 | \n", "2016-10-27T20:32:55.790Z | \n", "-33.7771 | \n", "-72.5321 | \n", "12.57 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "78.0 | \n", "0.774 | \n", "1.05 | \n", "... | \n", "2017-01-20T00:31:10.040Z | \n", "86km WSW of San Antonio, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "4.2 | \n", "2.7 | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "
277 | \n", "2016-11-08T04:55:45.900Z | \n", "-36.5776 | \n", "-73.5603 | \n", "20.00 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "54.0 | \n", "0.342 | \n", "0.82 | \n", "... | \n", "2020-07-10T15:13:00.804Z | \n", "42km WNW of Talcahuano, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "4.1 | \n", "1.8 | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "
278 | \n", "2017-04-23T02:36:07.830Z | \n", "-33.0354 | \n", "-72.0296 | \n", "21.00 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "40.0 | \n", "0.329 | \n", "0.92 | \n", "... | \n", "2020-07-10T15:27:39.435Z | \n", "37km W of Valparaiso, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "3.7 | \n", "1.7 | \n", "0.050 | \n", "39.0 | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "
279 | \n", "2019-12-03T08:46:35.780Z | \n", "-18.5042 | \n", "-70.5760 | \n", "38.00 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "82.0 | \n", "0.258 | \n", "1.38 | \n", "... | \n", "2020-07-10T17:55:35.215Z | \n", "28km W of Arica, Chile | \n", "earthquake | \n", "5.5 | \n", "1.9 | \n", "0.071 | \n", "19.0 | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "
280 rows × 22 columns
\n", "\n", " | time | \n", "latitude | \n", "longitude | \n", "depth | \n", "mag | \n", "magType | \n", "nst | \n", "gap | \n", "dmin | \n", "rms | \n", "... | \n", "place | \n", "type | \n", "horizontalError | \n", "depthError | \n", "magError | \n", "magNst | \n", "status | \n", "locationSource | \n", "magSource | \n", "year | \n", "
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | \n", "1984-06-18T11:20:17.940Z | \n", "-15.7050 | \n", "-72.4910 | \n", "116.8 | \n", "6.5 | \n", "mw | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.00 | \n", "... | \n", "southern Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "hrv | \n", "1984 | \n", "
1 | \n", "1989-11-29T01:00:14.850Z | \n", "-15.8080 | \n", "-73.2420 | \n", "70.8 | \n", "6.3 | \n", "mw | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.10 | \n", "... | \n", "southern Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "hrv | \n", "1989 | \n", "
2 | \n", "2016-12-01T22:40:26.610Z | \n", "-15.3122 | \n", "-70.8270 | \n", "12.0 | \n", "6.2 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "43.0 | \n", "2.455 | \n", "1.11 | \n", "... | \n", "44km NE of Huarichancara, Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "6.2 | \n", "1.7 | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "2016 | \n", "
3 | \n", "2020-05-31T05:09:38.593Z | \n", "-15.3256 | \n", "-70.7731 | \n", "186.0 | \n", "6.1 | \n", "mww | \n", "NaN | \n", "73.0 | \n", "2.570 | \n", "0.77 | \n", "... | \n", "43 km W of Lampa, Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "5.1 | \n", "1.8 | \n", "0.039 | \n", "63.0 | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "2020 | \n", "
4 | \n", "2009-07-12T06:12:47.330Z | \n", "-15.0410 | \n", "-70.4450 | \n", "198.9 | \n", "6.1 | \n", "mwb | \n", "335.0 | \n", "32.1 | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.07 | \n", "... | \n", "southern Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "2009 | \n", "
5 | \n", "2013-07-17T02:37:43.180Z | \n", "-15.6570 | \n", "-71.7400 | \n", "7.0 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mww | \n", "506.0 | \n", "37.0 | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.19 | \n", "... | \n", "18km W of Chivay, Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "2013 | \n", "
6 | \n", "2006-09-30T16:26:56.120Z | \n", "-15.5880 | \n", "-73.1600 | \n", "107.0 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mwb | \n", "338.0 | \n", "50.6 | \n", "NaN | \n", "0.81 | \n", "... | \n", "southern Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "2006 | \n", "
7 | \n", "1987-07-13T19:14:57.920Z | \n", "-15.3320 | \n", "-70.0610 | \n", "241.4 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mw | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.10 | \n", "... | \n", "southern Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "hrv | \n", "1987 | \n", "
8 | \n", "1994-06-16T18:41:28.280Z | \n", "-15.2500 | \n", "-70.2940 | \n", "199.5 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mwb | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "1.00 | \n", "... | \n", "southern Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "1994 | \n", "
9 | \n", "1979-05-21T22:22:23.600Z | \n", "-15.2500 | \n", "-70.0890 | \n", "208.0 | \n", "6.0 | \n", "mb | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "... | \n", "southern Peru | \n", "earthquake | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "NaN | \n", "reviewed | \n", "us | \n", "us | \n", "1979 | \n", "
10 rows × 23 columns
\n", "" ], "text/plain": [ " time latitude longitude depth mag magType nst \\\n", "0 1984-06-18T11:20:17.940Z -15.7050 -72.4910 116.8 6.5 mw NaN \n", "1 1989-11-29T01:00:14.850Z -15.8080 -73.2420 70.8 6.3 mw NaN \n", "2 2016-12-01T22:40:26.610Z -15.3122 -70.8270 12.0 6.2 mww NaN \n", "3 2020-05-31T05:09:38.593Z -15.3256 -70.7731 186.0 6.1 mww NaN \n", "4 2009-07-12T06:12:47.330Z -15.0410 -70.4450 198.9 6.1 mwb 335.0 \n", "5 2013-07-17T02:37:43.180Z -15.6570 -71.7400 7.0 6.0 mww 506.0 \n", "6 2006-09-30T16:26:56.120Z -15.5880 -73.1600 107.0 6.0 mwb 338.0 \n", "7 1987-07-13T19:14:57.920Z -15.3320 -70.0610 241.4 6.0 mw NaN \n", "8 1994-06-16T18:41:28.280Z -15.2500 -70.2940 199.5 6.0 mwb NaN \n", "9 1979-05-21T22:22:23.600Z -15.2500 -70.0890 208.0 6.0 mb NaN \n", "\n", " gap dmin rms ... place type \\\n", "0 NaN NaN 1.00 ... southern Peru earthquake \n", "1 NaN NaN 1.10 ... southern Peru earthquake \n", "2 43.0 2.455 1.11 ... 44km NE of Huarichancara, Peru earthquake \n", "3 73.0 2.570 0.77 ... 43 km W of Lampa, Peru earthquake \n", "4 32.1 NaN 1.07 ... southern Peru earthquake \n", "5 37.0 NaN 1.19 ... 18km W of Chivay, Peru earthquake \n", "6 50.6 NaN 0.81 ... southern Peru earthquake \n", "7 NaN NaN 1.10 ... southern Peru earthquake \n", "8 NaN NaN 1.00 ... southern Peru earthquake \n", "9 NaN NaN NaN ... southern Peru earthquake \n", "\n", " horizontalError depthError magError magNst status locationSource \\\n", "0 NaN NaN NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "1 NaN NaN NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "2 6.2 1.7 NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "3 5.1 1.8 0.039 63.0 reviewed us \n", "4 NaN NaN NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "5 NaN NaN NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "6 NaN NaN NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "7 NaN NaN NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "8 NaN NaN NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "9 NaN NaN NaN NaN reviewed us \n", "\n", " magSource year \n", "0 hrv 1984 \n", "1 hrv 1989 \n", "2 us 2016 \n", "3 us 2020 \n", "4 us 2009 \n", "5 us 2013 \n", "6 us 2006 \n", "7 hrv 1987 \n", "8 us 1994 \n", "9 us 1979 \n", "\n", "[10 rows x 23 columns]" ] }, "execution_count": 24, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "intervalos[0]" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "------------------------\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 26, "metadata": { "scrolled": true }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stderr", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "\n", " | time | \n", "year | \n", "
---|---|---|
0 | \n", "2010-02-27T06:34:11.530Z | \n", "2010 | \n", "
1 | \n", "2001-06-23T20:33:14.130Z | \n", "2001 | \n", "
2 | \n", "2015-09-16T22:54:32.860Z | \n", "2015 | \n", "
3 | \n", "2014-04-01T23:46:47.260Z | \n", "2014 | \n", "
4 | \n", "1995-07-30T05:11:23.630Z | \n", "1995 | \n", "
... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "
275 | \n", "2016-02-22T06:36:59.400Z | \n", "2016 | \n", "
276 | \n", "2016-10-27T20:32:55.790Z | \n", "2016 | \n", "
277 | \n", "2016-11-08T04:55:45.900Z | \n", "2016 | \n", "
278 | \n", "2017-04-23T02:36:07.830Z | \n", "2017 | \n", "
279 | \n", "2019-12-03T08:46:35.780Z | \n", "2019 | \n", "
280 rows × 2 columns
\n", "" ], "text/plain": [ " time year\n", "0 2010-02-27T06:34:11.530Z 2010\n", "1 2001-06-23T20:33:14.130Z 2001\n", "2 2015-09-16T22:54:32.860Z 2015\n", "3 2014-04-01T23:46:47.260Z 2014\n", "4 1995-07-30T05:11:23.630Z 1995\n", ".. ... ...\n", "275 2016-02-22T06:36:59.400Z 2016\n", "276 2016-10-27T20:32:55.790Z 2016\n", "277 2016-11-08T04:55:45.900Z 2016\n", "278 2017-04-23T02:36:07.830Z 2017\n", "279 2019-12-03T08:46:35.780Z 2019\n", "\n", "[280 rows x 2 columns]" ] }, "execution_count": 27, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "earthquakes[[\"time\",\"year\"]]" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 28, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "count 280.0\n", "unique 49.0\n", "top 2010.0\n", "freq 29.0\n", "Name: year, dtype: float64" ] }, "execution_count": 28, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "earthquakes[\"year\"].describe()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 29, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "earthquakes[\"year2\"]= earthquakes[\"year\"]-1970" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 30, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "earthquakes70s= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=1970)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<1980)]\n", "earthquakes80s= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=1980)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<1990)]\n", "earthquakes90s= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=1990)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<2000)]\n", "earthquakes2ks= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=2000)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<2010)]\n", "earthquakes2k10s= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=2010)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<2020)]" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 31, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "decadas=[]\n", "decadas.append(earthquakes70s)\n", "decadas.append(earthquakes80s)\n", "decadas.append(earthquakes90s)\n", "decadas.append(earthquakes2ks)\n", "decadas.append(earthquakes2k10s)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 32, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def separaDecadas(earthquakes): #separa el catálogo de terremotos en una lista con los catálogos de cada decada\n", " decadas=[]\n", " earthquakes70s= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=1970)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<1980)]\n", " earthquakes80s= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=1980)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<1990)]\n", " earthquakes90s= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=1990)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<2000)]\n", " earthquakes2ks= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=2000)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<2010)]\n", " earthquakes2k10s= earthquakes[(earthquakes[\"year\"]>=2010)&(earthquakes[\"year\"]<=2020)]\n", " decadas.append(earthquakes70s)\n", " decadas.append(earthquakes80s)\n", " decadas.append(earthquakes90s)\n", " decadas.append(earthquakes2ks)\n", " decadas.append(earthquakes2k10s)\n", " return decadas" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 33, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def FrecuenciaProm(decadas,n_decadas=5): # Calcula el promedio de las frecuencias de terremotos por década\n", " i=0\n", " suma=0\n", " while i